According to an estimate, only 4% of retail investors are investing in bonds.
Even after generating high returns among the fixed income asset classes, bond investors are comparatively less. What do you think is the reason behind it? Well no need to think because in this article, we are going to discuss 5 major reasons on why less Indians are investing in bonds.
1. Perception that bonds need “High Investment”
There is a perception around bond investors that bonds require high investment. That’s why investors still assume bonds are for HNIs or corporates. But it is not so true, because one can start investing in bonds for as low as ₹1000.
2. Low awareness compared to FD or SIP
People from generation X (generation before millennials) are more likely to go with FD. And generation after that, i mean millennials and gen Z are much interested in stocks and SIPs.
We can say:
- India is an FD-first and mutual fund – second market.
- Bonds sit in the blind spot – rarely advertised, rarely explained, rarely recommended.
3. Confusion around risk and ratings
Investors, especially retail investors are concerned about the risk involved in bonds. They struggle to differentiate between bond credit ratings like AAA, AA, BB, etc.
If you’re one of them who is confused about different ratings in bonds. Then click here to read this blog.
4. Complexity of Bond Terminology
Investors usually find it hard to understand the below terminologies:
- YTM
- Coupon
- Accrued interest
- Settlement cycle
- Credit rating outlook
Let’s help you understand these terms in a simple way possible:
Yield to Maturity (YTM) is the total expected return if you hold a bond until it matures. It includes interest payments and price gain or loss over time.
Coupon is the fixed interest a bond pays each year. It is calculated on the face value and paid annually or semi-annually to investors.
Accrued interest is the interest earned on a bond from the last coupon date until the settlement date. Buyers pay this amount to sellers.
Settlement cycle is the time between buying a bond and officially receiving it in your account. In India, most bonds settle on T+1 or T+2.
Credit rating outlook indicates whether a company’s credit rating may improve, worsen, or stay stable in the future. It guides investors on the issuer’s financial direction.
If you have doubts regarding any of them, you can comment down below. We will help you understand.
5. Equity Culture & Social Influence
Over the last 5 years, India has seen:
- Massive equity inflows
- 11+ crore demat accounts
- High enthusiasm for SIPs
- Influencers talking about index funds & stocks
Because of this bonds remain under-discussed among the retail investors in India. When everyone around you talks only about SIPs, the default mindset think “those are the only options available”
Final thought
Although, only 4% of Indians are investing in bonds. But the bond marketplaces expect retail participation to grow from 4 percent now to around 10 to 12 percent within the next few years.
The terms explained above help investors understand returns, risks and the overall behaviour of a bond. Knowing them removes confusion and builds confidence, especially for new investors who often avoid bonds simply due to lack of clarity.
Frequently asked questions on bond investment
1. Are bonds only for wealthy investors?
Not at all. That’s a very old misconception. Today, you can start investing in bonds with as little as ₹1,000. Platforms, regulations and market access have evolved. What was once a ‘rich-only’ asset class is now fully open to retail investors just like mutual funds.
2. Isn’t the bond market too complicated for beginners?
It looks complicated only from the outside. Once you understand three basic things – YTM, coupon and maturity – the entire market starts making sense. The truth is, bonds are actually simpler than equity investing because returns and risks are more predictable.
3. Are bonds safe, or can I lose money?
Bonds are generally more stable than equities, but yes, there are risks. However, most retail-friendly bonds come with clear credit ratings, fixed payouts and transparent terms. When you choose well-rated issuers, the risk of default reduces sharply. Safety depends on selection, not luck.
4. Will I get regular income from bonds?
Yes. That’s one of the biggest reasons people buy them. Coupons (interest payouts) are typically paid monthly, quarterly, semi-annually or annually. Think of it like getting a predictable side income without worrying about daily market swings.
5. Do I need to monitor bonds daily like stocks?
Definitely not. Bonds don’t demand constant attention. Once you invest, your focus is mostly on holding till maturity and receiving interest. No charts, no volatility anxiety, no daily news tracking.
