When you think about short-term savings, the most common options that come to mind are fixed deposits (FDs), recurring deposits (RDs), and liquid funds. Each one helps you grow your money safely, but in slightly different ways.
While FDs and RDs give you steady returns, liquid funds offer flexibility, quick access to cash, and better returns in some cases.
If you need to find a short-term saving option and are currently comparing FD vs liquid funds vs. RDs, you should consider the difference in returns, liquidity, and risk between them. This article breaks down the FD vs. liquid funds vs RD debate in detail to help you pick the one that best fits your short-term savings plan.
What Is a Fixed Deposit (FD)?
A fixed deposit is one of the most dependable saving options for investors who want guaranteed income income without market risk. You deposit a lump sum for a fixed period, and the bank pays you interest at a pre-decided rate. Once the deposit matures, you receive the principal plus the interest earned.
What are Recurring Deposits (RDs)?
A Recurring Deposit (RD) is a term deposit account where you deposit a fixed amount at regular intervals (usually monthly) for a predetermined tenure. The interest on RDs compounds on a quarterly basis and is paid out to you at the end of the tenure, along with your principal investment.
What are Liquid Funds?
Liquid Funds are a type of short-term debt mutual fund that focus on offering high liquidity with lower risks. These funds invest money in short-term market securities (like treasury bills, commercial papers, and certificates of deposit) with a maturity period of up to 91 days.
FD Vs. Liquid Funds Vs. RD: Comparing Returns, Risk, Liquidity, and Taxation
1. Returns
- FDs: FDs offer steady and fixed returns throughout the investment tenure. The interest is earned on the entire lump-sum amount deposited from the beginning.
- RDs: Returns are fixed throughout the tenure, but maybe lower than FDs because interest is calculated on the growing balance as each monthly contribution is added.
- Liquid funds: Liquid fund may offer higher returns than FDs, but returns depend on market performance and not guaranteed.
2. Liquidity
- FD and RDs: Both FDs and RDs are less liquid than liquid funds because they have a premature withdrawal penalty.
- Liquid Funds: Liquid funds are ideal as emergency funds because you can withdraw your investment on any business day without any penalty.
3. Risk Profile
- FDs and RDs: Both are low-risk investments. Bank FDs and RDs are also insured up to ₹5 lakh by the DICGC insurance cover. But both carry inflation risk where your returns may not outpace inflation.
- Liquid funds: Liquid funds are relatively safer than other types of mutual funds, but they carry some market risk as they depend on short-term debt markets.
4. Taxation
- FDs and RDs: Interest earned from FDs and RDs is fully taxable as per your income slab. TDS applies if interest exceeds ₹50,000 per year (₹1 Lakh for seniors).
- Liquid Funds: If purchased after 1st April 2023, capital gains from liquid funds are taxed at your slab rate (regardless of the holding period). No TDS is applicable on redemptions.
5. Investment Horizon
- FDs: FDs can be good for medium to long-term goals since you can choose from varied tenure options. Also, FD interest rates tend to be higher for longer tenures.
- RDs: RDs may be better for short-to-medium-term goals.
- Liquid Funds: Liquid funds may be ideal if you’re looking to invest for short-term goals or build an emergency fund.
6. Regular Interest Payout
- FDs: A deciding factor in the FD vs. liquid fund vs. RD debate is interest payout frequency. Non-cumulative FDs let you select from monthly, quarterly, semi-annual, and annual interest payout options.
- RDs: There is no regular interest payout option. The accumulated interest is paid at maturity.
- Liquid Funds: Liquid funds do not pay interest on the capital invested. Rather, you can redeem your units if you need to access your investment.
FD vs RD vs Liquid Fund: Key Differences
Let’s have a quick look at the key differences between FD, RD, and liquid funds:
| Feature | Fixed Deposit (FD) | Recurring Deposit (RD) | Liquid Fund |
|---|---|---|---|
| Contribution | Lump-sum deposit | Monthly deposits | Both SIP and lump-sum investments allowed |
| Returns | Fixed | Fixed | Market-linked but usually stable |
| Early Withdrawal | Allowed with penalty | Allowed with penalty | Allowed without penalty |
| Liquidity | Medium | Medium | High (capital is credited within 24 hours) |
| Risk Level | Low (Bank FDs have DICGC cover of up to ₹5 lakh) | Low (Covered by the DICGC insurance) | Low to moderate |
| TDS | 10% TDS (if interest is above a certain threshold) | 10% TDS (if interest is above a certain threshold) | No TDS on redemptions |
| Ideal For | Low-risk investors with lump-sum capital looking for steady returns | Salaried employees trying to build a savings habit | Investors looking to build a an emergency fund or park short-term savings |
Which Is Better: FD or RD or Liquid Fund?
The choice between FD vs RD vs Liquid Fund depends on your financial goals, time horizon, and comfort with risk. Each option serves a different purpose, and understanding where each fits can help you make a practical, well-informed decision. You may:
Choose Fixed Deposits (FDs) if:
- You want guaranteed returns and capital protection.
- You prefer predictable and regular interest income with fixed interest rates.
- You have a specific goal and are comfortable locking in funds for a set period.
Choose Recurring Deposits (RDs) if:
- You are a salaried individual who wants to save monthly and build a disciplined saving habit.
- You are saving for short- to medium-term goals like a vacation.
- You want the same safety and predictability as FDs without needing to deposit a lump sum.
Choose Liquid Funds if:
- You are building a back-up fund for emergencies or want to earn returns on idle funds in the short-term.
- You can handle slightly higher risks for potentially higher market-linked returns.
- You want flexibility to access your money anytime without heavy penalties.
Liquid Funds Vs. FD Vs. RD: Choosing the Right Short-Term Saving Option
At the end of the day, deciding which is better: FD, or RD, or liquid funds is all about matching your choice with your financial needs and risk comfort. This way, you can manage short-term savings more wisely.
If you want safety and fixed returns, FDs and RDs are reliable. For flexibility, quick access, and potentially better post-tax returns, liquid funds can be more efficient.
Looking for the highest returns on FD? Explore the corporate and bank FDs available on the GoldenPi Platform to earn interest of up to 8.15% p.a.!
FAQs on FD Vs. liquid Funds Vs. RD
Is a liquid fund better than an FD?
Liquid funds can offer slightly higher than FDs and offer better liquidity. But these returns are not guaranteed.
So, you may think a liquid fund is better than a FD if higher returns (against low to moderate risk) is your goal.
FD vs liquid fund vs RD: Which is better for a low-risk investor?
If you want complete safety, FDs and RDs may be better options than liquid funds since they are insured by the DICGC cover (not NBFC FDs).
Liquid funds are also low-risk, but not risk-free. Returns are not guaranteed and can be affected by market movements.
Are liquid funds 100% safe?
No, liquid funds are not entirely risk-free. While liquid funds are considered safer than equity funds, they are subject to market risks. They invest in short-term debt instruments that can fluctuate slightly with market conditions.
Is it better to invest in liquid funds, FDs, or RDs?
Choosing between FD vs. liquid fund vs. RD depends on your goal. FDs are suited for lump-sum, long-term savings, while RDs may be better for disciplined monthly investing.
Liquid funds maybe better for short-term goals needing easy access and tax efficiency.
Disclaimer:
This information is for general information purposes only. GoldenPi makes no guarantee on the accuracy of the data provided here; the information displayed is subject to change and is provided on an as-is basis. Nothing contained herein is intended to or shall be deemed to be investment advice, implied or otherwise. Investments in the securities market are subject to market risks. Read all the offer-related documents carefully before investing.
Fixed Deposit schemes are regulated by the Reserve Bank of India. GoldenPi Securities Private Limited is a registered debt broker and acts as a distributor and not as a manufacturer of the product.
