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Have you noticed how everyday expenses tend to feel higher every year? How the same grocery list you’ve been using suddenly feels more costly, even though your income hasn’t changed? That’s inflation at work.
This doesn’t just impact what you buy every day. It also affects your investments and their real value. If inflation rises faster than your real returns, your investment actually loses value.
But how do you know if your investments are beating inflation? You focus on real returns. This article offers a quick guide on what are real returns, why they are important, and how investors can strategically beat inflation.
What Are Real Returns?
Nominal return is the percentage of gain or loss on your investment, without accounting for inflation. Real return, on the other hand, is the actual return you get after adjusting for inflation.
Adjusting for inflation gives you a nuanced view of your earnings and investment performance because you look at the purchasing power of your returns rather than just their percentage.
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How to Calculate Real Returns?
As an investor, understanding how to calculate real returns is important because this helps you estimate your returns clearly and choose investments wisely.
Here’s how real return is calculated:
| Real return = Nominal Return % – Inflation Rate % |
So, if your portfolio’s nominal return stands at 10% and the current inflation rate is at 4.6%, your real return will be 5.4%. You don’t need to calculate real returns manually. There are a number of real return calculators available online that can do the math for you in a matter of seconds.
Why is Real Return Important?
Here’s why estimating your real returns from investments is important:
Protecting Purchasing Power
Inflation quietly erodes the value of your money over time. Something that costs Rs. 100 today may cost Rs. 120 in a few years if the inflation rate is high. If your investments are not growing faster than inflation, you’re not really gaining – you’re just keeping up, or worse, falling behind.
That’s where real return matters. It tells you how much your money is actually growing after adjusting for inflation. It helps you see whether your investments are truly increasing your wealth in practical, everyday terms.
Planning Your Portfolio
Looking only at nominal returns can be misleading. A 7% return sounds good, but if inflation is 6%, your real gain is just 1%. Real return gives you a clearer picture when deciding how to allocate your money across different asset classes.
It helps you balance growth and safety properly, especially when planning for long-term goals like retirement or financial independence.
Understanding How Long Your Money Will Last
Real return matters a lot during retirement, especially when you begin withdrawing from your investments. If the amount you withdraw each year is higher than the return your portfolio generates after adjusting for inflation, your savings can gradually shrink.
This is why financial planners recommend following a Safe Withdrawal Rate (SWR). The idea is to withdraw less than your real rate of return so your corpus has a better chance of lasting. If withdrawals exceed this level, your portfolio may not sustain over the long term unless you have another source of income.
That’s why it’s important to ensure that your investments grow steadily over time, or at the very least, hold their real value.
Investment Options to Potentially Beat Inflation
So what can you invest in to potentially beat inflation? Here are a few popular inflation-beating investment options investors may consider:
Equity and Equity-Linked Assets
You may invest in stocks directly through the stock market or via equity-oriented mutual funds. Historically, equities have shown a strong tend of beating inflation, which makes them a preferred inflation-beating investment option.
For instance, the Nifty 50 Index has delivered a return of 13.70% in the last 10 years, according to NSE data. During the same period, India’s average inflation rate was 5% according to a PIB Press Release. This gap is often one of the reasons why equities may be considered to grow wealth in real terms.
However, you should understand that equities are also riskier and more volatile. CPI data for January showed low inflation at 2.75%, trailing December’s rate of 1.33%. In the same period, the equity market has experienced significant volatility, with the Nifty 50 index recording returns of -6.90% over the last three months (As of 9th March 2026).
This means equities may be able to beat inflation in the long run. But there is no guarantee that they will do so consistently. If there is a massive sell-off or a prolonged correction, your returns will take a hit, regardless of the inflation rate.
(Disclaimer: Data based on the Historical Nifty Returns Profile and PIB Press Release as accessed on 9th March 2026).
Inflation-Indexed Bonds
Inflation-indexed bonds (IIBs) are issued by the government and are specifically designed to hedge against rising costs. Unlike other bond options, the principal and interest payments on an IIB are tied to an inflation index, such as the Consumer Price Index (CPI).
So, at maturity, investors receive the inflation-adjusted principal, and the bond’s interest payments are also calculated on this adjusted principal. But do note that the RBI has not launched any new inflation-linked bond in India since 2014.
Gold
Historically, gold has acted as a hedge against inflation. That’s because the yellow metal has a limited supply and acts as a store of value. That said, data suggest that gold has been an effective inflation hedge over the long term rather than in short-term periods.
While physical gold was once the preferred way to invest in this inflation-beating asset, it came with storage hassles and purity concerns. But now you can invest in gold without actually taking delivery of the physical metal:
- Gold ETF
- Gold fund of funds
- Gold futures
- Digital gold (although that’s not SEBI-regulated)
Focusing on Real Return Can Help Beat Inflation
So now you know, inflation isn’t an invincible force. It can be countered with a little bit of planning and focus on real returns. When reviewing real returns, remember:
- Real returns should be higher than the inflation rate
- Check the inflation rate and advisories issued by the RBI for correct data
- Revisit real return assumptions periodically since inflation projections may change
- If you’re building a retirement corpus, ensure your withdrawal rate is lower than the real return rate to avoid depleting your corpus fast
If you want to protect your real returns without taking on the level of risk involved in equities, you can review high-yield corporate bonds available on the GoldenPi platform.
Understanding Real Returns FAQs
1. Does inflation affect FD returns?
Yes. Rising inflation can impact your FD returns because FD interest rates don’t change over time. So, if your FD interest rate is 7% and inflation rises from 4% to 5%, your real returns decline from 3% to 2%.
In case inflation outpaces FD interest rates, your real returns can actually become negative. If that happens, your FD investment loses value in real terms.
2. How can I reduce inflation risks when investing in an FD?
You may use these strategies to manage inflation risks in FDs:
- Choose corporate FDs that offer higher FD interest rates
- Consider shorter tenures so that you can shift your investment if needed
- Opt for a cumulative FD that reinvests returns for compounding benefits
- Try out an FD laddering strategy
3. Is gold a reliable inflation hedge in 2026?
Historically, gold has remained a reliable inflation hedge, preserving value as currency loses purchasing power. In 2026, gold has already witnessed a significant rally (continuing from 2025).
With geopolitical tensions rising and a weak Indian Rupee, gold still shows signs of being a reliable hedge. But do note that past performance isn’t indicative of the future.
4. Why should I worry about real returns if inflation is low right now?
Real returns are important even if inflation is low today, simply because low inflation today doesn’t promise low inflation tomorrow. Remember that even modest inflation can compound over time, rising prices and devaluing your money.
Disclaimer:
This information is for general information purposes only. GoldenPi makes no guarantee on the accuracy of the data provided here; the information displayed is subject to change and is provided on an as-is basis. Nothing contained herein is intended to or shall be deemed to be investment advice, implied or otherwise. Investments in the securities market are subject to market risks. Read all the offer-related documents carefully before investing.
Bonds or non-convertible debentures (NCDs) are regulated by the Securities and Exchange Board of India and other government authorities. GoldenPi Securities Private Limited is a registered debt broker and acts as a distributor and not as a manufacturer of the product.
